ibid
Pronunciation: [ˈɪbɪd]
Word
Context: “academic writing”
(adverb) used to refer to a source that was mentioned in the last citation. It's a shorthand way to say, 'the information I just talked about comes from the same place as before.'
Example
In his research paper, John wrote 'Smith, 2020, ibid.' to refer back to the information he just quoted.
Example
When Maria cited her sources, she didn't use 'ibid' and had to repeat the full reference instead.
Example
Did you include 'ibid' when you referred to the same source again in your paper?
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